Youth skilling in India: ITIs, PMKVY, and the gap between training and work

India trains roughly four million young people every year through ITIs and short-course programmes under PMKVY. The mix of trades, the placement record, and the alignment between training and the local labour market vary by state.

India has 36 states and union territories and roughly eight hundred districts. Of a total population of about 140.13 crore, 41.24 crore are between 15 and 29.

Industrial Training Institutes admit around fourteen lakh trainees per year nationally, with the Electrician, Fitter, and Computer Operator and Programming Assistant trades dominating admission volumes across most states. PMKVY adds a further twelve to fifteen lakh short-course trainees per year. The Skill Loan Scheme (CGFSSD) provides collateral-free financing of up to seven and a half lakh rupees for eligible programmes.

State-by-state ITI seat utilisation, PMKVY placement rates, and trade alignment with local industry differ substantially. The course catalogue alignment work on YouthPower's district pages surfaces these gaps.

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